Apparatus for treating gases or vapors with liquids



Nov. 22, 1938. w. VON "DER EMDE ,7

APPARATUS FOR TREATING GASES OR VAPORS WITH LIQUIDS Filed July 11, 1956 Patented Nov. 22, 1938 PATENT FFICE APPARATUS, FOR 3 manarnvdcasns oR I YAPORS WITH LIQUIDS Wilhelm von d er Emile, Essen, Germany, as-

signor, by mesne assignments, to 'Koppers Company, Pittsburgh, P a., a" corporation of jDelaware j l Application July 11, 19st, straws. 90,191 t In Germany July 12, 1935 f o 4 Claims. (c1. 261--21) The invention relates to apparatus for .the treatment of gases or vaporsjfor instance coal distillation gases, withli'quids in several stages,

provided a number'o f radialpartitions, so that sector-like compartments are formed within the casing. a In the radial, partition walls between the individual compartments of the casing there have beenprovided channels, into each of which the gases or vapors to be treated enter at. the bottom of an adjacent washing compartment and from which the medium is withdrawn at the top into the next washing compartment. Inthis 1 way the mediumwill flow in succession through all washing compartments'irom the bottom'to thetopf ini that sections of thewashing compart- Thetapering corners of such washing. compartf-r mntsardthus avoided by theliquids, which has,

centralpartjjot the compartment." The inner Space portionof the washing. compartment, effective for the washing process, is thereby only insufliciently utilizedand the washing efiect of the "total apparatus 3 is small in comparison to its size asjwell as itscapital and operating costs. An object of my present invention is to pro vide such improvements in washing apparatus partmentswithin the casing, whichare tor-med by radial partition walls, 'forltraversal ofthecom partmentsin succession by gaseous medium, and from the bottom to the top in each com l lf ment with flow ofthe' treating liquid downwards in each compartment, so that an essentially complete gasesor vapors, especially withrespect to a uniform distrlbutionof the-treating liquid over the 55 whole section of the washer compartments.

known apparatus the treat-f A disadvantage of such washing apparatus lies 1 ments are nearly all triangular. Such a shape of section is very unfavorable with regard to the uniform distribution of the washing liquid;

however, a tendency to transverse only the larger 7 3 having a cylindrical casing and severalj'com effective utilizationoi the inner spaceof the scrubbenmay be attained for the treatmentbf In principle, my iinvention consists in that the gas channelsfor connecting the individual washing compartments are arranged in the center of the essentially cylindricalwasher, for instance in such a way, that a ring-shaped double wall is placed in the washer casing, coaxially with the cylindrical outer shell; the connecting channels being individual connecting channels for lead: ing ,the gases .01; vapors from one compartment to the next in series andbeing formed by radial partitions in said double wall,, l I

Furthermore, my invention consists inthat. in the free space withinthering-shaped inner shell ofy the washer casing there are arranged the,

pipe li es conducting the washing liquid from one.

compartment to another one. a

Further characteristic features and objects of my presentinvention will be readily apparent from the following description ,of a preferred embodiment of my invention, as illustrated in, the attached drawing, which will now be de scribed in detail.

Fig. 1 of the drawing 'showsa washer, constructed'according to my invention, partly in a side viewand partly in a vertical'section.

Fig. '2 is a composite view, partly in horizontal v section and partly in top plan, of the scrubber on lineII-II of Fig.1. a f

Fig. B'is a lho rizo ntal sectional view 01 a part of Fig. 2 illustrating especially the path which is tobe takenby the gases to be treated in the washer.

The washer illustrated on the drawingcon-y sists of an essentially cylindrical outer shell, which is supportedj iipon a suitable foundation, preferably"at Ian elevation. Within the outer shell I and coaxially therewith there is aninner cylindrical wall: 3. Between the inner wall 13 and the, outerwall I is likewise provided an inter mediate cylindrical partition wall 4, coaxial with the'wall I The inner space or chamber between thewalls3 and l and the outer space or chamber betweenwalls 4 and I are divided up byflamultitude of radialfpartition wallst, It by whichuthe two ring-shaped spaces are divided irit vidual sectors; a l

As may be seen .fromFigs; 2"andj3, the partition walls 5 and Bare staggered, so that the in ner compartments 'l'of the washer formed by the ments 8, situated by side.

The outer compartments 8, which require the major part of theinner space of the washer, serve tc bring the gas to be treated into contact 55 with thetreating liquid over a large surface. For

this purpose, the compartments I are filled with wooden hurdles 9, or another suitable filling material.

The compartments I and I of the washer are closed at the top by a common cover II, in which is provided a spray II for each. washer compartment I in order to distribute the treating liquid over the wooden hurdles. The liquor introduced into the washing compartment 8 by means of the spray II flows in finely distributed form downwards over the wooden hurdles and is accumulated at the lower end II of the washing compartment, which is closed by the bottom The washing compartments 1 are likewise sealed below by means of the inclined bottom in.

The washing liquid flows from the bottom of the washing compartment I through the pipelines I! to a pump 15. It is advisable to have for each washing compartment a special pump, by means of which the treating liquid can be delivered through thepipeline ii to the spray ll, of the same or another compartment. The washing liquid, according to the arrangement of the pipelines, flows either through each washing compartment in circulation or successively through all washing compartments in circulation or in any other suitable way.

Under certain circumstances it is, therefore,-

preferable to interconnect the pipelines i4 and ilby the insertion of shut-oi! valves, with other pipelines, so that one or another direction of liquor stream through the washer can be obwashing liquid passesthrough all the compartmerits 8. A fresh washing liquid is supplied into one of the washing compartments from pipeline II, which is connected with one of sprays ii.

If the treating. liquid is kept in circulation, within each individual 7 washing compartment, fresh washing liquid can likewise still be delivered only into one washing compartment, ii the compartments I are interconnected by suitable overflow elements, for instance syphon tubes, through which'the'excessive treating liquid can be withdrawn into the next washing compartment and so forth, in which case the spent treating liquid in the last washing compartment can be discharged 1 from the washer continuously or periodically.

Each washing compartment I is filled with wooden hurdles and provided with liquor pumps asabove described.

The operationoi the apparatusis as follows:-

The gas to be purified is introduced through the pipeline 1 II into one of the washing compartments I into the space betwe-n. the bottom wooden hurdles 9 and the liquor which has accumulated at the bottom of the asher. The gas flows upwards through the filling material of the compartment 8 and thus comes into intimate contact with the liquid flowing over the hurdles.

The gas then flows from the space above the wooden hurdles 8 through an opening iii in the intermediate cylindrical partition wall into the adjacent inner compartment 1. Here the gas flows downwards so as to' enter atthe lowerend of the compartment 1 through an opening into the adjacent washing compartment I, while said compartment is being traversed by theliqnot. The gas thus flows through each oi the washing compartments I in the direction from the bottom to the top.funtil it will be discharged 5 in finished condition from the last washing compartment through a pipe 21, coming out at the top.

As may be seen from Figures 1 and 2 of the drawing, the washer has in the interior a central chamber 22, open at the top and at the bottom. This space according to my invention is preferably used for housing the pipelines IE or other apparatus, which are necessary for the circulation of the washing liquid, so that the washer has a smooth and wind resisting surface at the outside. Moreover, the pipelines situated on the top of the scrubber can likewise be covered by a I roof in the shape of a cone.

The pumps necessary for delivering the liquid are arranged according to my invention in the space underneath the washer. As may be seen from Figure 1, this arrangement gives a compact unit which on account of its small space required and or its simple outer shape offers considerable advantages.

Instead of providing the washer with one gas inlet and one gas outlet, it may under certain circumstances also be possible, to arrange several gas inlets and exits which if necessary, may be provided with suitable shut-oh valves so that, as required, the washer is not only traversed by one single gas current, which flows through all washing compartments in succession, but may be traversed by several partial gas streams of which each stream only traverses a part of the washing compartments. 7

I have now described my present invention on the lines of a preferred embodiment thereof. But my invention is not limited in all its aspects to the mode of carrying it out as described and shown, since it may be variously embodied within the scope of the following claims.

1. An apparatus for treating gases or vapors with liquids, comprising a cylindrical closed casing in which. is arranged co-axially an inner cylindrical wall and an intermediate cylindrical wall co-axial with the outer wall and intermediate the inner wall, and the cylindrical casing to form inner and outer chambers, radially extending partition walls forming compartments in the outer chamber between the cylindrical casing and the intermediate wall, radially extending partition walls in the inner chamber between the intermediate wall and said inner wall providing individual inner channels therein, certain of said compartments each having a connection with the upper end of one of said channels and another connection with the lower end of an adjacent channel whereby the channels and compartments are alternately arranged in a single series, and means for introducing the treating liquidinto the individual compartments.

2. An apparatus for treating gases or vapors with'liquids comprising a cylindrical closed outer wall casing in which is arranged co-axially an inner cylindrical wall, radially extending partition walls between the cylindrical outer wall casing andthesaid inner wall, said inner wall being built as a double wall comprising an intermediate and an, innermost wall inside of which are provided radial partition walls, said partition walls being staggered relative to the radial partition walls which are provided between the outer wall casing and the intermediate wall of the inner double wall, connecting openings in the intermediate wall of said double wall through which individual compartments of the double wall areconnected at the top with one of the outer washing compartments and at the bottom arcane 3 3. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, and in which the pipelines for recirculating the treatin: liquid are arranged inside a space, open at the top and at the bottom, which is iormed inside the inner wall by the cylindrical arrangement of the inner wall. i

a 4. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1, and in which the pumps Ior delivering the treating 5 liquid are arranged underneath the washer.

WIIJIEIM von an EMDE. 

